State-mandated voluntary newborn human immunodeficiency virus screening in a New York City Hospital. Academic Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • OBJECTIVE: To report the experience with state-mandated voluntary newborn human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening in a large university hospital. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of delivery records and newborn HIV screening data for infants born between May 4, 1996, and January 31, 1997. RESULTS: Of 3111 women, 40% had HIV testing during pregnancy, 28% had testing before pregnancy, 30% never had testing, and 2% gave no information. Most (91%) consented to postpartum newborn HIV testing, although rates varied by HIV counselor (range 81-96%, P < .001) and maternal HIV testing history (range 72-94%, P < .001). Maternal antepartum HIV testing rates varied by delivering physician (range 8-100%, P < .001) and by antepartum care site (clinics, 83%; faculty practices, 72%; private practices, 57%; P < .001). Fourteen HIV-exposed infants (0.46% of infants tested) were identified, 13 of whom were born to women known to be HIV positive before delivery. These women had received zidovudine prophylaxis according to Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group 076 guidelines. All 14 infants subsequently tested negative for HIV. Human immunodeficiency virus-positive women were more likely than HIV-negative women to have received antepartum care in clinics (93% compared with 11%), have care paid by Medicaid (93% compared with 28%), and reside in high-risk areas (72% compared with 11%) (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Newborn HIV screening has little incremental impact in settings with aggressive antepartum screening and/or low HIV infection rates. Interventions to increase antepartum HIV screening in the private sector should be implemented.

publication date

  • November 1, 1999

Research

keywords

  • HIV Infections
  • Mandatory Testing
  • Neonatal Screening

Identity

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 0033231667

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00405-6

PubMed ID

  • 10546704

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 94

issue

  • 5 Pt 1