Course of cytomegalovirus retinitis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: 1. Retinitis progression. Academic Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • PURPOSE: To describe the course of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with AIDS in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). DESIGN: Multicenter, prospective, observational study. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred seventy-one patients with AIDS and CMV retinitis. METHODS: Follow-up every 3 months with medical history, ophthalmologic examination, laboratory testing, and fundus photographs. Photographs were evaluated for relapse of the retinitis (progression) by graders at a centralized reading center. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Retinitis progression (movement of the border of a CMV lesion > or =750 microm over a > or =750-microm front or occurrence of a new lesion one-quarter disc area or more in size). RESULTS: The overall rate of retinitis progression was 0.10/person-year (PY); among those with CD4+ T-cell counts of <50/microl, it was 0.58/PY, compared to 0.02/PY among those with CD4+ T-cell counts of > or =200/microl (P<0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, significant risk factors for retinitis progression included a low CD4+ T-cell count, positive CMV load, longer time from AIDS diagnosis, and low Karnofsky score. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the rate of retinitis progression (approximately 3.0/PY) reported in the pre-HAART era, the rate of retinitis progression was reduced among patients in the HAART era, even among those with low CD4+ T-cell counts, who might be expected to behave most like patients from the pre-HAART era. However, these events also occurred among patients with high CD4+ T-cell counts and presumed immune recovery. Continued ophthalmologic follow-up of patients with immune recovery is recommended to detect early retinitis progression.

publication date

  • December 1, 2004

Research

keywords

  • AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • Cytomegalovirus Retinitis

Identity

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 9644295997

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1016/j.ophtha.2004.05.031

PubMed ID

  • 15582078

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 111

issue

  • 12