Safety and immunogenicity of tyrosinase DNA vaccines in patients with melanoma. Academic Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • Immunity to self antigens on cancer is constrained by tolerance/ignorance. DNA vaccines encoding xenogeneic differentiation antigens, such as tyrosinase (TYR), mediate tumor protection and regression in implantable mouse models, and dogs with spontaneous melanoma. We conducted a trial of mouse and human TYR DNA vaccines in stage III/IV melanoma patients. Eighteen human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201(+) melanoma patients were randomized as follows: one group received three mouse TYR DNA injections followed by three human TYR DNA injections; the other group received the same vaccines in opposite sequence. The study was conducted at three dose levels: 100, 500, and 1,500 microg DNA/injection, administered intramuscularly (IM) every 3 weeks. Most toxicities were grade 1 injection site reactions. Seven patients developed CD8(+) T-cell responses, defined by a >3 SD increase in baseline reactivity to TYR peptide in tetramer or intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) assays. There was found to be no relationship between dose, assigned schedule, and T-cell response. At a median of 42 months follow-up, median survival has not been reached. Mouse and human TYR DNA vaccines were found safe and induced CD8(+) T-cell responses in 7 of 18 patients. T cells recognizing a native TYR peptide had a phenotype consistent with that of effector memory cells.

publication date

  • August 28, 2007

Research

keywords

  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
  • Immunotherapy
  • Melanoma
  • Monophenol Monooxygenase
  • Vaccines, DNA

Identity

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 35548944929

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1038/sj.mt.6300290

PubMed ID

  • 17726460

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 15

issue

  • 11