Racial disparities in the outcomes of communication on medical care received near death. Academic Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • BACKGROUND: Black patients tend to receive more life-prolonging care at the end of life (EOL) than white patients. This study aimed to evaluate whether differences in patient-physician communication contribute to disparities in EOL care between black patients and white patients. METHODS: Multi-institutional prospective longitudinal cohort study of 71 black patients and 261 white patients with advanced cancer. The main outcome measures were differences between black patients and white patients in relationships among EOL discussions and communication goals (terminal illness awareness, treatment preferences, and do-not-resuscitate [DNR] orders) and EOL care outcomes (life-prolonging care, hospice care, and receipt of EOL care consistent with preferences). RESULTS: End-of-life discussions between physicians and their white patients were associated with less life-prolonging EOL care compared with their black patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.11; P = .04). Despite similar rates of EOL discussions (black vs white patients 35.3% vs 38.4%, P = .65), more black patients than white patients received life-prolonging EOL care (19.7% vs 6.9%, P = .001). End-of-life discussions were associated with attainment of some communication goals among black patients, including placement of DNR orders (aOR, 4.25; P = .04), but these communication goals were not consistently associated with EOL care received by black patients. For example, black patients with DNR orders were no less likely than black patients without DNR orders to receive life-prolonging EOL care (aOR, 1.57; P = .58). CONCLUSIONS: End-of-life discussions and communication goals seem to assist white patients in receiving less life-prolonging EOL care, but black patients do not experience the same benefits of EOL discussions. Instead, black patients tend to receive life-prolonging measures at the EOL even when they have DNR orders or state a preference for symptom-directed care.

publication date

  • September 27, 2010

Research

keywords

  • Advance Care Planning
  • Attitude to Death
  • Black or African American
  • Communication
  • Neoplasms
  • Physician-Patient Relations
  • Terminal Care
  • White People

Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC3739279

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 77957687297

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.322

PubMed ID

  • 20876403

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 170

issue

  • 17