Cellular uptake and imaging studies of gadolinium-loaded single-walled carbon nanotubes as MRI contrast agents. Academic Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • We quantify here, for the first time, the intracellular uptake (J774A.1 murine macrophage cells) of gadolinium-loaded ultra-short single-walled carbon nanotubes (gadonanotubes or GNTs) in a 3 T MRI scanner using R(2) and R(2)* mapping in vitro. GNT-labeled cells exhibited high and linear changes in net transverse relaxations (ΔR(2) and ΔR 2*) with increasing cell concentration. The measured ΔR(2)* were about three to four times greater than the respective ΔR(2) for each cell concentration. The intracellular uptake of GNTs was validated with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), indicating an average cellular uptake of 0.44 ± 0.09 pg Gd per cell or 1.69 × 10(9) Gd(3+) ions per cell. Cell proliferation MTS assays demonstrated that the cells were effectively labeled, without cytotoxicity, for GNTs concentrations ≤28 µM Gd. In vivo relaxometry of a subcutaneously-injected GNT-labeled cell pellet in a mouse was also demonstrated at 3 T. Finally, the pronounced R(2)* effect of GNT-labeled cells enabled successful in vitro visualization of labeled cells at 9.4 T.

publication date

  • December 29, 2010

Research

keywords

  • Contrast Media
  • Gadolinium
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Nanotubes, Carbon

Identity

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 79955044655

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1002/cmmi.410

PubMed ID

  • 21504063

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 6

issue

  • 2