Risk of Incident Coronary Heart Disease Events in Men Compared to Women by Menopause Type and Race. Academic Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • BACKGROUND: We examined whether type of menopause affects sex differences in coronary heart disease (CHD) events and whether the impact is similar in blacks and whites. METHODS AND RESULTS: Participants were enrolled in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort between 2003 and 2007 without CHD at baseline (n=23 086). Cox regression models were used to calculate the hazard of incident nonfatal CHD (definite or probable myocardial infarction) and acute CHD death, adjusting for age, age at last menstrual period <45 years, region, education level, income, diabetes, smoking, systolic blood pressure, lipid levels, albumin-creatinine ratio, physical activity, C-reactive protein, body mass index, waist circumference, and medication use. White women in natural menopause (hazard ratio [HR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31, 0.66) and surgical menopause (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.42, 0.99) had a reduced hazard of nonfatal events, compared to white men. Black women in natural menopause (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.47, 1.03), but not surgical menopause (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.51, 1.29), had a marginally reduced hazard of nonfatal events, compared to black men. Women had lower risk of acute CHD death than men regardless of their menopause type and race. CONCLUSIONS: Sex differences in the risk of incident CHD events were larger among whites than blacks and varied by type of menopause. Women consistently had a lower risk of incident CHD death than men, but the magnitude of sex differences was greater in whites than blacks for nonfatal events, regardless of menopause type.

publication date

  • July 1, 2015

Research

keywords

  • Black or African American
  • Coronary Disease
  • Health Status Disparities
  • Menopause
  • Myocardial Infarction
  • White People

Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC4608073

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 85018220694

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1161/JAHA.113.000447

PubMed ID

  • 26133958

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 4

issue

  • 7