Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of adnexal masses.

Overview

Anatomically, the adnexa encompasses the region within the pelvis that includes the ovary, fallopian tube, round ligament, and structures arising from associated embryologic rests. The scope and spectrum of gynecologic pathology seen in this area is enormously diverse, and specific diagnoses are often elusive to conventionally-used imaging techniques such as ultrasound and CT. MRI has become an important tool in the evaluation of the adnexal mass because of its multiplanar capability and undersurpassed soft tissue contrast. It is particularly effective in defining the origin of a pelvic mass. The recent development of fast spin-echo sequences along with new phased array coils have enabled higher resolution imaging in shortened imaging times. The result is improved characterization of adnexal masses, which often leads to specific diagnoses.