Operative treatment of distal femoral fractures proximal to total knee replacements.

Overview

Twenty fractures of the distal part of the femur proximal to a total knee replacement were treated operatively by members of the New England Trauma Study Group. Notching of the anterior aspect of the femoral cortex was associated with only two of these fractures, and none of the knee prostheses was loose at the time of the fracture. All twenty fractures were treated with open reduction and stable internal fixation, and the operation on fifteen fractures was supplemented with bone grafts. Every fracture healed, and eighteen healed after a mean of sixteen weeks (range, six to forty weeks). Union of the other two fractures was delayed, but repeat open reduction and internal fixation combined with autogenous bone-grafting resulted in union. After operative treatment, the patients returned to the level of activity that they had had before the fracture. The pre-existing tibiofemoral alignment and range of motion of the knee were also restored. At the time of follow-up, the average clinical rating of the Knee Society for all twenty knees had not decreased compared with the score before the fracture.