TWO ISOFORMS: There are two isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX) with similar structure and metabolic activity. COX-1 is a constitutional enzyme. COX-2 is an inductible form. CYCLOOXYGENASE-1: COX-1 is present in most tissues, particularly in the kidney, the digestive tract mucosa, platelets, brain, liver and spleen. CYCLOOXYGENASE-2: COX-2 expression can be induced by an inflammatory process. Implicated in the development of certain cancers, COX-2 is expressed in numerous tumor cell lines and in most epithelial carcinomas. COX-2 favors tumor invasion and inhibits apoptosis. When it is absent, tumor growth is slower or stopped.
