Does endotoxin stimulate cells by mimicking ceramide?
Review
Overview
abstract
Recent studies indicate that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) stimulate cells via the intracellular messenger ceramide. Bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) shows strong structural and functional resemblance to ceramide. Here, Samuel Wright and Richard Kolesnick review data suggesting that LPS may provoke cellular responses by mimicking the action of ceramide.